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I get one shared-server account with my domain name www.first.com , for example,
and I also apply new one domain call www.second.com.
ON my Cpanel, I park or set my second domain into my shared-server and do redirection to
other website, for example, www.redirectsite.com

Question-1: My CPanel information or setting is  controlled on other server  NOT on my nameserver ?
Question-2-  If my CPanel is using other port number, for example, 2024, so
when hosting company do maintanence om my server, the cpanel port  might not be shut-down,

Question-3:  IF the shared-server is shutdown for maintanence, is second domain
redirection is still working if question-1 or question- 2  is yes.

Question-4, IF my user experience www.first.com is not working, OR shut-down how can I let them redirect to other domain ?

Please advise

Duncan

Actually what I said (in #2) was no matter what configuration you use the maintenance take down will stop the service momentarily. However you or your users will hardly notice a maintenance take down.

In case of a failure if you want the service to keep running, one way to go is having two or more servers serving the request same domain. When at 100% servers will share the load between them and when one goes down others will kick in and handle some extra load.
Load balancing is a advance topic and you will need to understand it before you do it, reading materials are available on the internet. I'm not a expert on that area either so you might want to get advice form a networking guru.

Answer 1:
Cpanel is used configure the setting of your hosting server (or the virtual hosting environment), and it is separate from the nameserver and it's configuration.
Nameserver settings on a hosting service are usually controlled by WHM which is a tool one level up in the stack, and I don't think it's available for shared hosting.
Now these applications and setting may be on same or different servers, in a visualized hosting environment it really doesn't matter.

Answer 2:
If your service provider takes down the server all the service will go down regardless of your configuration. However in my experience this has not happened, upgrades and maintenance are always seamless.

Answer 3:
If the redirection is done from the shared server that was taken down, No, it will not work. For some thing like this you will need some sort of a load balancing setup which is not possible with shared hosting.

Answer 4:
As I mentioned in #3 you will need to setup load balancing between the two domains.


In summary if you are worried about downtime due to maintenance and serving from one domain when the other is down, you will need to go for dedicated hosting so you can setup the environment the way you want.