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I would like to replace the string  href=" by 'hef="http://www.example.com/ by using
preg_replace() in php in following $buffer string  but hef="http is ignored to be replaced.

Convert
$buffer='<link href="http://ant4css.blogspot.com/favicon.ico'" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon"/> <a hef="after.html#FIRST-LETTER"></a>';
to  final result by preg_replace()
$buffer='<link href="http://ant4css.blogspot.com/favicon.ico'" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon"/> <a hef="http://www.example.com/after.html#FIRST-LETTER"></a>';

How to do that ? Please advise
Duncan

$buffer=preg_replace("/(href=")(?!(http|'+))/",'href="'.$url.'/', $temp);

finally it works using above code to ignore href="http in html code and ignore  href="'+ which is used inside <script></script>


Duncan

Right.  Now what are the rules and where would we find the test data?

Here is the man page for htmlentities(); it makes the HTML strings print so they can be read on the screen, instead of interpreted into HTML by the browser.
http://us.php.net/manual/en/function.htmlentities.php

href="http://ant4css.blogspot.com/favicon.ico'" contains an extra apostrophe, so it causes a PHP parse error (that's one of the good reasons to read the article I posted above).  

Your code sample in the question used two different attribute tags.  One of them said "href=" and the other said "hef=" so the target and replacement string were defined with "hef=."  

For better or worse, computer programming is a precise science, one that requires a great deal of clarity of thought and precision in written representation.  The example in the question does not really give us enough to go on - in the real world, you will probably not encounter the "hef=" attribute, but if you do, it will not matter.  Bogus HTML tag attributes will be ignored by the browser.  Probably what you want is to replace something around the "href=" attribute.  But to know exactly what to replace, we would have to know the rules about what you expect for input and what you want to get for output.  And these rules would have to be implemented in an unambiguous way within the larger context of all the input data.  So please tell us a little more, show us the test data in situ, and describe the rules you want to apply when replacing some parts of the URL in some of the "href=" attributes of the HTML.

This does what you are asking for, but I think we need to refine the question a little bit.
http://www.laprbass.com/RAY_temp_duncanb7.php

You might want to read this article and then post back with some test data examples.  Then we can show you a more appropriate rules-based solution set.
http://www.experts-exchange.com/Web_Development/Web_Languages-Standards/PHP/A_7830-A-Quick-Tour-of-Test-Driven-Development.html

<?php // RAY_temp_duncanb7.phperror_reporting(E_ALL);/* PROBLEM DEFINITION FROM EE CONTAINS A PARSE ERROR$buffer='<link href="http://ant4css.blogspot.com/favicon.ico'" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon"/> <a hef="after.html#FIRST-LETTER"></a>';to  final result by preg_replace()$buffer='<link href="http://ant4css.blogspot.com/favicon.ico'" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon"/> <a hef="http://www.example.com/after.html#FIRST-LETTER"></a>';*/// STARTING DATA$buffer='<link href="http://ant4css.blogspot.com/favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon"/> <a hef="after.html#FIRST-LETTER"></a>';// TARGET$old = 'hef="';// STRING TO INSERT$new = 'hef="http://www.example.com/';$finish = str_replace($old, $new, $buffer);echo htmlentities($finish);                                          

1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:10:11:12:13:14:15:16:17:18:19:20:

Why don't you do a str_replace instead of preg_replace ?

Something like:
    str_replace('<link href="http://ant4css.blogspot.com/favicon.ico'" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon"/> <a hef="','<link href="http://ant4css.blogspot.com/favicon.ico'" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon"/> <a hef="http://www.example.com/',$buffer);

Here is the str_replace function specification:

http://php.net/manual/es/function.str-replace.php

Hope it helps.